Evaluation des activités Biologiques d'une plante médicinale

Abstract

This study was conducted to characterize the bioactive compounds present in the leaves of Crataegus azarolus collected from the Beni-Aziz region (Sétif Province), with a focus on quantifying total polyphenols and flavonoids, as well as evaluating various biological activities associated with the obtained extract. Extraction was performed using ultrasound-assisted methods following a preliminary defatting step with n-hexane, resulting in an extraction yield of 17.04%. Spectrophotometric analyses revealed a total polyphenol content of 176.32 ± 4.14 mg GAE/g and a flavonoid content of 54.87 ± 0.52 mg QE/g. Furthermore, investigations were carried out to assess the antioxidant, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory (both in vitro and in vivo), and analgesic activities of the extract to explore its pharmacological potential. The in vitro tests demonstrated a significant antioxidant effect with slight variations, as well as a marked anti-inflammatory activity. Anticoagulant activity tests showed that the extracts significantly prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) compared to the negative control. Oral administration of Crataegus azarolus extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg induced a dosedependent and significant inhibition of xylene-induced ear edema in mice. In the acetic acidinduced writhing test, the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Crataegus azarolus exhibited significant dose-dependent analgesic activity, with a maximum inhibition of 64.51% at 400 mg/kg, which is comparable to that of aspirin (70.64%). These experimental findings support the traditional use of this plant and highlight its potential as a natural source of pharmacologically active compounds