Carcinome Cervical

Abstract

Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers, mainly caused by persistent infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), especially types 16 and 18. This sexually transmitted virus carries increased risk due to factors such as smoking, immunodeficiency, early sexual activity, and multiple sexual partners. Often asymptomatic in its early stages, the disease is usually detected through cervical screening (Pap smear) and HPV testing, followed by colposcopy and biopsy when abnormalities are found. Prevention includes HPV vaccination—recommended between ages 9 and 14—and regular screening. Treatment depends on the cancer stage and may involve surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and innovative therapies such as immunotherapy and CRISPR gene-editing technology. In Algeria, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women, highlighting the urgent need to strengthen prevention and early detection strategies.