Alger ; Prospection d’une reconversion portuaire comparée

Abstract

This thesis aims to make a scientific contribution and a trial application of the prospective by the method of scenarios in urbanism, more precisely on the urban phenomenon of Waterfronts revitalizations that the city of Algiers and its port will undergo. While recent work on the city port interface has made it possible to better understand the role of ports in port cities, the anticipation of their future is still limited. In order to develop these urban spaces and ensure their sustainable development for the present and the future, decision-makers must be able to take a stand on the present reality and guide it in the desired direction. The prospective helps to inform and guide the decision-making process for defining a strategy and the resulting policies. Formerly, the prospective comes from futurology, a scientific discipline that appeared in the late 1940s. Developed by Herman KAHN (1960) for strategic military purposes, during the Cold War, since then, the scenario method has become almost usual for prospective work, particularly in fields of application in economics, management, and more recently in urban planning. The transposition of "Waterfronts revitalizations" since the 1950s is considered a "bandwagon" effect that affected all port cities. Indeed, the spatialized prospective approach provides us the opportunity to evaluate the main trends and the possible future of a territory under different scenarios. This method is particularly adapted to situations of entanglement of systems vis-à-vis the future, by its two exploratory and anticipatory approaches; it makes it possible to clarify the major issues and levers of action in relation to complex situations, especially dynamic situations, and whose future is uncertain. The contribution of this thesis is illustrated by its transversality, between "The Waterfronts revitalizations of Algiers" projected in the future, and the reference to global case based on analogy as guidance tools. The linking of these two notions justifies the comparative and analogical inflection throughout this work, which refers to examples of Waterfronts projects in the world. The thesis is not intended to develop a bibliographic file on the mentioned themes, its main purpose is to develop a strategy, by the scenario method, which tends to guide the present action and identify the possible futures