Cours de botanique : Destiné aux étudiants de 2ème Année Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie (L2 - SNV)

Abstract

The term "botany" derives from the Ancient Greek *botanikē* (the feminine form of *botanikos*, meaning "relating to herbs"), which in turn comes from *botanē*, meaning "herb, plant, or fodder." In a modern academic sense, botany is the biological science dedicated to the study of plants. It is not limited to the mere description of plants but encompasses the study of their structure (morphology and anatomy), functioning (physiology), relationships with the environment (ecology), and classification (systematics). Historically, botany included algae, fungi, and lichens. Although modern systematics (phylogenetics) now places fungi in a separate kingdom (the Kingdom Fungi), the study of these organisms remains a fundamental component of the botany curriculum due to their ecological importance and their biological interactions with plants.