Évaluation de la surconsommation de 04 antibiotiques au niveau du chu de Sétif pendant les années 2019-2020 et 2023

Abstract

he excessive and/or irrational use of antibiotics poses a serious problem worldwide due to the development and spread of bacterial resistance to these products. According to the 2019 World Health Organisation (WHO) report, antimicrobial resistance is responsible for 700,000 deaths every year. Knowledge of the consumption and prescription of antibiotics is therefore one of the essential parameters for assessing their proper use. In this context, the main objective of this work is to situate this problem and to discuss the consumption of antibiotics in hospitals. This is a retrospective study carried out at the Setif University Hospital, which involved evaluating the quantity of four antibiotics dispensed from the central pharmacy in 2019, 2020 and 2023, and analysing ciprofloxacin-based antibiotic therapy as a function of antibiotic susceptibility testing in the internal medicine department. The summary of the results revealed an increasing trend in consumption in 2023 compared with 2019. Internal medicine, phthisiology, infectious diseases and the mother and child hospital dominated consumption. A significant increase was noted for the majority of the molecules studied during the Covid-19 pandemic compared with the normal year 2019 (33.11% for cefotaxime and 9.56% for pristinamycin), particularly in the infectious diseases and medical intensive care departments. Only 30% of all patients treated with ciprofloxacin underwent antibiotic susceptibility testing, 35% of whom were resistant. Overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics in hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic was observed, as was probabilistic prescribing of ciprofloxacin. This highlights the importance of making better use of antibiotics and better guiding antibiotic therapy in order to preserve their efficacy and combat the resistance mechanisms developed by bacteri