Système de management de qualité dans un laboratoire de biologie médicale

Abstract

Quality in medical biology laboratories is essential for providing accurate, reliable, timely, and cost- effective results. However, the lack of studies on quality management in public laboratories outside hospitals in Algeria is concerning. In order to evaluate the implementation of quality requirements, a field study was conducted in six laboratories of the EPSP Sétif, using a checklist developed based on the SLIPTA checklist from the WHO, the ISO 15189 standard, and the Good Execution Guide for Medical Biology Analysis (GBEA) from France. From this study, it was observed that the six visited laboratories exhibited numerous deficiencies and deviations from the standard. The overall performance of the laboratories was similar, with an average score of 19.7/91 points, corresponding to a percentage of only 21.6%. The deviations mainly affected the technical requirements, which accounted for 27.7% of the total score, followed by management requirements at 18.9% of the total score. Additionally, none of the laboratories performed quality control, which is a fundamental element of quality. Given these findings and deviations, which have also been reported in studies conducted in other developing countries such as Morocco, Congo, and Latin America, the implementation of a quality system is necessary. Therefore, we recommend restructuring the laboratories due to their significant activity, through the centralization and automation of technical platforms, as well as the computerization of information systems. This will not only improve quality and productivity but also reduce costs. Finally, it is crucial to devote more attention to the quality of medical biology laboratories due to their important role in public health. A reform of the laboratories within the EPSPis thus a priority in order to achieve satisfactory quality levels and ensure optimal patient care