Cartographie de la vulnérabilité multifactorielle à l’érosion hydrique des sols de la région de Soubella, Chott El Hodna.

Abstract

The study focuses on an analysis of the main natural factors leading to the phenomenon of water erosion of soils in the watershed of the oued soubella. The methodology is based on the usual technique of digital cartography from the acquisition and processing of satellite images to their crossing with other geographic data in the GIS tool (geographic information system). The parameters to be estimated are linked to the environmental conditions: soil, relief, land use. Thus, the crossing of these factors according to selected qualitative rules allowed us to develop a map describing four classes of multifactorial vulnerability of soils to water erosion: low (21.22%), medium (34.04%), high (19.32%). ) and very strong (25.40%). Areas very vulnerable to erosion are found in fragile soils and substrates with a steep slope and / or undergoing very extensive agriculture where the plant cover is not very protective. This first cartographic outline is a tool to help decision-makers for better management of water and soil resources, taking into account the expectations and needs of the rural population.