Biochimie Niveau : 2em Licence Sciences biologiques, Biotechnologie, Sciences agronomiques.

Abstract

Biochemistry is the scientific discipline that studies the chemical reactions occurring within cells. It is divided into two branches: static biochemistry (which studies composition and physicochemical properties) and dynamic biochemistry (which studies transformations and chemical reactions). The main categories of molecules studied in biochemistry are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These molecules are composed primarily of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. These classes of molecules constitute the fundamental building blocks for the structure and function of the cell. The study of the structure of these molecules, their properties, their modes of linkage, and the characteristics of their constituent parts falls within the realm of structural biochemistry. Metabolic biochemistry focuses on the study of the pathways involved in the formation or synthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of macromolecules within the living cell.