دور العناقيد الصناعية والأقطاب التكنولوجية في تعزيز التوطن الصناعي

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of industrial clusters and technological poles in promoting industrial localization, by combining the descriptive analytical approach and the comparative case study approach. Secondary data, such as international reports, academic articles and industrial studies, have been relied upon to provide an integrated knowledge base. Silicon Valley was chosen as a global model for a case study, as it is one of the most prominent regions that has become a global innovation hub. Its emergence was based on the military support and academic leadership of Stanford University, and it adopted the "abstract production" model that retains leadership and financing functions locally and delegates manufacturing abroad. In contrast, the results showed that technology clusters and poles represent effective mechanisms for supporting innovation and attracting investment, but they face structural challenges related to reliance on foreign talent, the social gap, and the high cost of living. The study concludes that promoting industrial localization requires integrated policies that combine investment in infrastructure, support for scientific research, and the development of a business environment capable of accommodating current digital and economic transformations.