LA MALADIE COELIAQUE: CAUSSES, DIAGNOSTICS ET TRAITEMENTS

Abstract

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder associated with gluten; a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye grains. It is not considered an allergy when a person has celiac disease, because the immune system mistakenly identifies the substances in gluten as a threat to the body and attacks them. This damages the lining of the small intestine and disrupts the body’s ability to absorb nutrients from food. Celiac disease is a common illnes across different age groups. Among the most important clinical symptoms that characterize it are: severe diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain, anemia, flatulence, and poor absorption of nutrients, especially vitamins. It can be associated with other diseases such as diabetes and thyroid disorders. The diagnosis of celiac disease is often delayed and difficult in most cases, as it depends on intestinal villi atrophy and the presence of specific antibodies. The only treatment currently available is a gluten-free diet, based on the total elimination of all cereal-based products (wheat and its derivatives) and carefully reading the labels of commercial food products.