L’impact des activités anthropiques et agricoles sur la qualité des eaux du Oued Boussellam amont et son environnement Sétif, Nord-Est Algérien

Abstract

Pollution is a global phenomenon that affects the soil, water and air, as water pollution is a major threat and a global challenge that endangers the life on Earth as water plays an essential role in daily life, water pollution comes from several sources, can be classified into three types: Domestic pollution linked to daily activity, agricultural, and industrial, this type of pollution resulting from the activity industrial, as solid and liquid waste is often released into the environment without treatment or recycling. Our country is no exception to this phenomenon, because several areas are already polluted, including the study area which located in the region of Boussellam in the Wilaya of Sétif, The plain of Boussellam is a large part of the Boussellam basin upstream where the Boussellam valley passes, and the latter represents the only valley in the upstream subbasin, it is considered as an area for the evacuation of various solid and liquid wastes linked to domestic, agricultural and industrial activities, which gives it a dark color, especially during the period of exhaustion and low water. Most of the waste discharged into the waters of the Boussellam valley comes from the city of Sétif and the industrial zone, as well as from agricultural activity along the valley that feeds the Ain Zada dam, this dam is the main source of drinking water in an area inhabited by more than one million people. To this end, this work is carried out in order to determine the development resulting from this pollution and its impact on the environment in general and on the Boussellam plain in particular, which includes a major agricultural activity. In this approach, we try to discover the development of Microbiological and agricultural pollution in the upstream Boussellam plain, and how to deal with this phenomenon in an area which represents one of the largest cereal growing areas in Algeria