Enquête ethnobotanique des plantes à Effets Anti-Inflammatoires de la Région de Sétif et M'sila. Inflammation Articulaire : Causes et Mécanismes

Abstract

The majority of common diseases today including cancer, digestive diseases such as: gastritis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease,etc. Arthritis and its many types are caused by inflammation. Our work is focused on joint inflammation including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, where we have highlighted its etiologies and its different mechanisms.Inflammation is the body's defense system against aggression caused by external or internal aggressors, it is beneficial for its role in the elimination of aggressors and the repair of attacked tissues stops when the aggressions disappear, we speak then of acute inflammation, If the local aggression is not controlled, we speak of chronic inflammation which has no tendency to healing. Inflammation involves several cellular actors and chemical and lipid mediators, which are released by the cells present in the damaged or infected tissue. Inflammatory arthritis is then one of the most common types of inflammation in our time, it affects the joints or the tissues around the joints causing pain and stiffness in and around the affected joints, there are more than one 100 types, among its most common types we speak of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, etc. The causes differ from one type to another, but generally the etiologies are unknown. These factors, although unknown, could be linked to genetic factors, lifestyle, and the environment, stress,…etc. the mechanisms are also different depending on the type, they can be immune mechanisms as in the case of rheumatoid arthritis or an unknown mechanism; this is the case of SPA. Induced arthritis is a type of arthritis resulting from induction by different factors such as drugs, bacteria (septic induced arthritis), collagen, adjuvant, etc. Animal models have made it possible to simplify the study of pathogenic mechanisms. of this disease and to test new therapies. Early treatment of joint inflammation aimed at reducing inflammation is important to prevent joint damage and in some cases damage to internal organs. Drug treatment is based on the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, corticosteroids, sometimes immunosuppressants such as methotrexate. Treatment with medicinal plants or phytotherapy also had an important place in the treatment of arthritis. This is why a survey was carried out in which a sample of the general population was questioned with the aim of knowing the medicinal plants that they use in the case of joint and general inflammation. The significant results obtained along this study allowed to collect a series of plants; the most cited in the treatment of different inflammations were: Mentha spicata, Thymus vulgaris, Zingiber officinalis, Rosmarinus officinalis, in the treatment of joint inflammation in particular were: Zingiber officinalis, Peganum harmala, Curcuma longa.