Contribution a l’etude des filtres actifs hybrides

Abstract

This thesis deals with harmonic elimination in electrical energy distribution networks using active power filters. This pollution is caused by the increased use of power increasing due to their utility for various forms of energy and ease of control. However, they absorb non-sinusoidal currents and thereby introduce currents and voltages harmonic in electrical distribution network. The presence of harmonic in the system results in several effects including increased heating losses in transformers, motors and lines, low power factor, and poor utilization of distribution wiring and plant. Electric distributors must deliver electric energy to the electricity users at acceptable levels of service quality, which respect the limits imposed by IEEE 519-1992 and lEC 61000.3-2 /4. At first, the three phase pure active power filter (FAPP) is studied in simulation and then validated experimentally. Then, the three phase hybrid active power filter (FAPH) with its optimized control was examined in order to improve the filtering performance by minimizing the complexity of the control and reducing the DC-bus voltage. The studied hybrid filter consists of a three phase active filter connected directly in series with a three phase LC type passive filter tuned at the 7th harmonic. Techniques in current, voltage, and power control were examined and analyzed in simulation and experimentally validated using the test bench developed at the LIAS (ex-LAII) laboratory of Poitiers University (France). A comparative study was performed based on the criteria of implementation ease’s, stability and robustness in transient, steady and unbalanced states.