Propriétés anti-inflammatoire et antioxydante des extraits d’Anacyclus clavatus Anacyclus clavatus ; Inflammation ; Anti-inflammatoire ; Stress oxydatif ; Antioxydant

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and the antioxidant activities of aqueous (Aq.E) and methanolic (Met.E) extracts of the aerial part of Anacyclus clavatus. Firstly, polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins content were determined. Results showed that methanolic extract is rich in polyphenols, and tannins, while the aqueous extract is the richest in flavonoids. The topical application of 2 mg/ear of Met.E or Aq.E exerted 84 % and 83 % of inhibition, respectively in the croton oil induced ear edema in mice. These results are better than that obtained with indomethacin, used as standard anti-inflammatory agent. Similarly, pretreatment of rats orally by 200 and 400 mg/kg of Met.E or Aq.E prevented significantly the paw edema induced by carrageenan. Moreover, the effect of extracts on carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rat showed that oral administration of 400 mg/kg of Met.E or Aq.E exerted a significant reduction in the development of pleurisy and neutrophil migration. On the other hand, the antioxidant activity of Met.E and E.Aq was evaluated using the DPPH radical, chelation, linoleic acid peroxidation and reducing power tests. Results showed that both extracts exhibited a strong scavenging activity against DPPH radicals with IC50 values of 28,30 ± 3,45 µg/ml and 68,98 ± 1,64 µg/ml, respectively. In addition, the E.Aq and Met.E showed a good chelating activity with IC50 values of 74,64 ± 11,68 µg/ml and 152,93 ± 1,67 µg/ml, respectively. Moreover, Aq.E and Met.E inhibited the linoleic acid peroxidation with 76 % and 75 % respectively. These values are similar to that of the standard antioxidant (BHT). Both extracts exerted a strong concentration-dependent reducing power. Taken together, we can conclude that aqueous and methanolic extracts of aerial parts of Anacyclus clavatus exhibit anti inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which support their use in traditional medicine.