Etude Descriptive Des Acides Gras Insaturés

Abstract

Unsaturated fatty acids are hydrocarbon chains containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond; monounsaturated fatty acids contain one double bond and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) contain many double bonds. The position of the double bond relative to the end determines whether the unsaturated fatty acid is n-3 (omega 3) or n-6 (omega 6). Most fatty acids can be synthesized in the body, but humans lack the necessary enzymes to produce two fatty acids. These are called essential fatty acids and must be acquired through diet. In humans, the essential fatty acids are n-3 α-linolenic acid and n-6 linoleic acid. It is therefore recommended that good sources of these fatty acids, namely, oil-rich fish, are also included in the diet. Unsaturated fatty acids have also been linked to a number of diseases and although the evidence is by no means conclusive, this is an area that is attracting immense interest. Dietary fat affects a number of different metabolic pathways, including those involved in glycemic control, so the types and amounts of dietary fat may have a role to play in the management of type 2 diabetes. There is currently no legislation to control the use of health claims relating to the fatty acid content of foods. However, public health messaging around optimal fatty acid intakes must be clear and consistent to ensure that a favorable change in the unsaturated fatty acid profile of the diet occurs