Prise en charge du kératocône par la lentille de contact sclérale

Abstract

Keratoconus is a progressive degenerative disease characterized by thinning and localized protrusion of the cornea, resulting in irregular astigmatism. The involvement is most often bilateral and asymmetrical. It generally appears at puberty and is likely to progress towards aggravation in a more or less linear manner until the 3rd decade. It causes a qualitative and quantitative decline in vision due to low and high degree optical aberrations generated by the deformation and the possible occurrence of corneal opacities. This degradation of vision leads to a decrease in the quality of life of these patients. The treatment of keratoconus consists of several stages and depends on several factors such as its severity, the degree of development of keratoconus at the time of diagnosis and the patient's ability to see. When keratoconus is at an early stage, glasses or soft contact lenses can provide a solution to improve vision. But with the progression of the disease and the increase of the asymmetry of the cornea and its curvature, it requires the adaptation of scleral lens. These lenses have a large diameter and are placed on the white of the eye (sclera), which makes it possible to form a uniform surface and to mask the irregularity thanks to the tear film reservoir between the lens and the ocular surface. In order to achieve good vision and wearing comfort.