Étude de l'effet thérapeutique de l'extrait hydroalcoolique des feuilles d'Atriplex halimus sur le syndrome des ovaires polykystiques (SOPK)

Abstract

Atriplex halimus is a Mediterranean halophyte shrub belonging to the Amaranthaceae family. This study aims to measure its therapeutic effects and determine its efficacy in treating polycystic ovary syndrome. To support our study, we conducted an ethnopharmacological survey based on 204 questionnaires. According to the results obtained, women use the plant 97% more than men, and the part used is the leaves. 62% of them take it at a fixed dose and 29% at a non-fixed dose to treat hormone regulation, cervical cleansing, menstrual cycle regulation, and polycystic ovary syndrome. We performed a hydroalcoholic extraction of Atriplex halimus leaves by maceration, obtaining a yield of 30.8%. We tested the effect of the extract on polycystic ovary syndrome in Wistar albino rats. The rats were divided into four groups of six rats: a negative control group, a group treated only with letrozole as a positive control, and two treated groups. The three groups were treated with a dose of 1.2 mg/kg/day of letrozole for 30 days by intraperitoneal injection. At the end of this period, one group was kept as a positive control, while the other groups were administered the hydroalcoholic extract of Atriplex halimus at doses of 200 mg/kg/day and 250 mg/kg/day, respectively, for 30 days. All rats were weighed daily for 60 days. The study results revealed significant changes in the biological parameters of rats treated with letrozole and the Atriplex halimus extract. In particular, a significant increase in relative liver weight and urea levels was observed, as well as a decrease in TGO-BI levels. However, the other results and parameters did not show significant changes. These results suggest that the Atriplex halimus extract could have beneficial effects on certain biological parameters related to polycystic ovary syndrome, although further research is needed to confirm these effects and fully understand the mechanisms involved.