Cell biology Course : For student first year bachelor’s degree in agricultural science

Abstract

Cell biology is a central discipline in the life sciences. It focuses on the study of cells, which are considered to be the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms. Whether bacteria, animals, plants or fungi, all organisms are made up of cells, which perform all the functions necessary for life: nutrition, reproduction, communication, adaptation, etc. The emergence of cell biology dates back several centuries, but it was in the 19th century that cell theory was formulated, stating that all living beings are composed of cells, and that every cell comes from another cell. Since then, technological advances, particularly in microscopy and molecular biology, have led to a better understanding of the structure and functioning of cells, as well as their interactions within organisms. This course aims to provide the essential foundations for understanding how cells are organised, how they function, how they reproduce and how they communicate with each other. This knowledge is fundamental not only to biology, but also to applied fields such as biotechnology and agricultural science research, including plant and animal breeding.