Prémédication des patients sous anticancéreux au CAC Sétif : états des lieux

Abstract

According to statistics from the Ministry of Health in Algeria, nearly 47,050 new cancer cases were recorded in 2022. The president of the Algerian Society of Medical Oncology (SAOM) has stated that the number of people affected by cancer will increase at the same rate as advanced countries over the next five years. Cancer encompasses a wide range of diseases that can occur in almost any organ or tissue of the body. It occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, exceeding their usual limits to invade neighboring regions of the body or spread to other organs. Among the main therapeutic strategies used in cancer treatment, chemotherapy, whether administered through infusion or tablets, can have a negative impact on quality of life. The nature, intensity, and frequency of their side effects vary depending on the substance used, prescribed dosage, and individual patient sensitivity. Some side effects can be limited or avoided through preventive treatments or practical advice. At times, they may require a change in anticancer treatment or the administration of a relief-oriented treatment. The main objective of this study was to describe the current state of prophylaxis (premedication) with anticancer drugs at the Anti-Cancer Center in the Sétif province, in order to evaluate the impact of preventive measures used to reduce adverse effects. This study was conducted over the period from May 28, 2023, to June 22, 2023, involving 82 patients with breast cancer, sarcoma, and colorectal cancer. The results obtained from our study are as follows: antiemetics (71%), corticosteroids (56%), and omeprazole (52%) were found to be the most commonly administered medications in the context of ambulatory premedication. Regarding injectable premedication, Ondansetron (100%) and Methylprednisolone (92.7%) were the most frequently used medications among our patients. These results confirm the importance of premedication in reducing adverse effects induced by anticancer treatments and improving quality of life to ensure the best care pathway