Diagnostic immunologique de la maladie cœliaque (étude rétrospective sur 60 patients avec suspicion de la MC)

Abstract

Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy linked to gluten ingestion. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of anti-gliadin, anti-transglutaminase, and anti-endomysium antibodies (AGA; ATG; AAE) of the IgA isotype in a population of 60 patients with suspected celiac disease in Sétif. We conducted a retrospective study of 60 patients from 2019 at the immunology unit of the central laboratory of the Sétif University Hospital. Our results show that female patients are more affected than male patients, with a percentage of 68.33% versus 31.66%. The sex ratio is 2.2%. The age distribution of the sample shows that 40% are children aged 6 months to 15 years and 60% are adults over 15 years of age. According to this distribution, the disease is more frequent in patients over 15 years of age. The results show that 63.88% of adults suffer from diarrhea, and 33.33% of them suffer from weight loss, 25% suffer from anemia, while 5.55% are found to have pallor of the skin and mucous membranes. In children, diarrhea is found in 41.66%, and failure to thrive is found in 33.33%. 8.33% of children have fever, polyuria, and polydipsia, and 4.16% have constipation. Among the 60 patients, 56 patients had a positive serology for anti-gliadin antibody (AGA) with a percentage of 93.33% while 46 patients showed a positive result for anti-transglutaminase antibody (ATG) with a percentage of 76.66% and 39 patients had a positive serology for anti-endomysium antibodies (AAE) with a percentage of 75%.Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy linked to gluten ingestion. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of anti-gliadin, anti-transglutaminase, and anti-endomysium antibodies (AGA; ATG; AAE) of the IgA isotype in a population of 60 patients with suspected celiac disease in Sétif. We conducted a retrospective study of 60 patients from 2019 at the immunology unit of the central laboratory of the Sétif University Hospital. Our results show that female patients are more affected than male patients, with a percentage of 68.33% versus 31.66%. The sex ratio is 2.2%. The age distribution of the sample shows that 40% are children aged 6 months to 15 years and 60% are adults over 15 years of age. According to this distribution, the disease is more frequent in patients over 15 years of age. The results show that 63.88% of adults suffer from diarrhea, and 33.33% of them suffer from weight loss, 25% suffer from anemia, while 5.55% are found to have pallor of the skin and mucous membranes. In children, diarrhea is found in 41.66%, and failure to thrive is found in 33.33%. 8.33% of children have fever, polyuria, and polydipsia, and 4.16% have constipation. Among the 60 patients, 56 patients had a positive serology for anti-gliadin antibody (AGA) with a percentage of 93.33% while 46 patients showed a positive result for anti-transglutaminase antibody (ATG) with a percentage of 76.66% and 39 patients had a positive serology for anti-endomysium antibodies (AAE) with a percentage of 75%.