Rationalisation de la consummation de l’énergie électrique et thermique dans le batiment cas de Sétif

Abstract

The need for a strategy to reduce energy consumption and CO2 emissions, especially in residential buildings is highly recommended, According to the energy outlook 2035 insights, the consumption of different fuel types, from1965 to 2035 is expected to increase by 27.5% for oil, 26.4 % for gas, 26.8% for coal, 4.9% for nuclear, 7.2 for hydro, and 7.2 for renewable energies. Buildings represent the most energy consuming sector in the economy, well before industry and transport sectors, and account for over one third of total final energy consumption and as a result one third global carbon emissions, and half of global electricity is consumed in buildings. Global energy demand in the residential sector grew by14% between 2000 and 2011. Since the energy crises of 1973, most of the world countries started thinking about strategies and policies to reduce energy consumption in all sectors and activities, the first driving raison was purely economic, environmental reasons were added later on. During this crisis, legislative texts regulating the use of energy were promulgated, and the automatisation of systems consuming energy was adressed in all kind of activities. The main target of the Doctoral thesis is an ―Optimal retrofit model to reduce the energy consumption in multi-apartment dwelling buildings‖. In this thesis, the importance of energy consumption and its environmental and economical impact is developed in the introduction, in the first chapter, the world energy consumption in general and particulary in the residential sector is analysed. An analytical study of the most used whole building simulation software programs, eQUEST and EnergyPlus, is done, and a conclusion that eQUEST is more convenient as an early stage tool to evaluate energy consumption is drawn. In the third chapter, an analysis of residential energyconsumtion in Algeria is performed. A study of space heating energy consumption in typical residential buildings developed in chapter 4. In chapter 5, theoretical models of residential building energy consumption are reviewed. Astudy of different scenarios of renovation of exterior building envelope insulation, with different insulation material, and different thicknesses, as well as the effect of glass type and categories, on heating space energy consumption, and as fixed by the target of the thesis, a new combined model (scenario) enabling 25% of energy savings is elaborated and is presented inthesixth chapter followed by the seventh chapter for general conclusions