Valorisation des sous-produits de cardon (Cynara Cardunculus)

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the composition and the antioxidant activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus) waste, namely leaves and flowers, and to develop a biodegradable packaging material based on gelatin extracted from chicken legs, enriched with the extract of cardoon leaves. Quantification of the polyphenols revealed that the leaf extracts are richer in polyphenols than those of the flowers, with concentrations of 46.90 mg EAG/g for the aqueous extract and 39.25 mg EAG/g for the ethanol extract. The ethanol extract from the leaves contains the highest concentration of flavonoids (13.54 mg EQ/g), while the tannins are more concentrated in the ethanol extract from the flowers (9.51 mg EAT/g). The aqueous extract showed the highest percentage of inhibition against the DPPH radical with an IC50 of 93.23 µg/ml. The edible films produced were enriched with two concentrations of cardoon leaf extract (3,125 10-3 ; 6,25 10-3 mg/ml of film). Organoleptic analyzes have shown that these films have acceptable results in terms of color, smell and transparency. . The biodegradability test showed promising results, the films degrading in 7 days. The films enriched with extracts presented an amount of polyphenols of 4.88 and 6.23 mg EAG/g for the two concentrations respectively and an interesting inhibition of the DPPH radical of 32.55% and 45.84% respectively. These results are undeniably encouraging and deserve to be deepened.