Activités biologiques d’Helichrysum stoechas

Abstract

The purpuse of this study was to valorize Helichrysum stoechas a medicinal plant and to validate its use in Algerian traditional medicine. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tanins, sterols and triterpenes. Three extraction methods, maceration, decoction and soxhlet, using water and ethanol as solvents were performed. The evaluation of the antioxidant activity by the method of free radical scavenging (DPPH) , trapping of hydrogen peroxide and reducing activity showed IC50 values of 25.13 ± 0.643 , 72.75 ± 0.407 and 83.939 ± 0.578 μg / ml respectively for ethanol extract EtOH (S). The antimicrobial activity in terms of MIC was determined for five bacterial strains and one yeast species Candida albicans. In fact, K. pneumonia (ATCC4352) and S. aureus are the most sensitive with a MIC of 19.53 and 39.062 μg / ml respectively, whereas that of C. albicans is 156.5 μg / ml. Treatment with the aqueous extract at a dose of 1000 mg / kg p.c. showed more effective decrease in blood glucose (62.84%) whereas the reference drug, Metformin showed 59.9%. In vitro, the extract inhibits α-amylase, facilitates the penetration of glucose across the yeast membrane and reduces the formation of the hemoglobin-glucose complex. The anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extracts was investigated in vivo by induction of paw edema. The inhibition was more effective than that obtained with Diclofenac 100 mg / kg during the same period. The analgesic activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant was evaluated using the method of tail immersion, hot plate and torsion test in mice, deducing its centrally mediated analgesic activity. The ethanolic extract reduced the number of spasms induced by acetic acid, suggesting its peripheral analgesic activity