Techniques de culture, d’analyse des cellules et applications en santé Niveau : 1 ANNEE master Biotechnologie et Pathologie Moléculaire

Abstract

The cell lines come from the development of primary cultures which gradually time and transplanting, lose their heterogeneity to allow the emergence of a type cellular. It is important to emphasize that the term cell line sensu stricto is attributed to the culture as soon as the primary culture undergoes its first transplanting. They are most often made up of tumor cells or “transformed” cells. (immortalized), chemically or via an oncogenic virus, and have the characteristic of be able to divide in an unlimited way. We distinguish the finished cell lines which show degeneration of the cells at the end a certain number of transplants, and continuous lines with an unlimited lifespan. Despite their homogeneous composition, these cell lines must retain the properties morphological, phenotypic and genotypic of the original tumor, and thus be able to represent a renewable source of cellular material for the various studies, despite the successive mitoses undergone by these cells. Classically, there are three major types of cell lines: primary lines, “immortalized” cells and tumor cells. However, no tool is perfect, there are always have advantages and disadvantages.