Effets de l’exposition professionnelle au plomb sur certains paramètres biologiques et cliniques

Abstract

Introduction: In humans, lead can cause several adverse health effects depending on the level and duration of exposure. The purpose of this memory was to study some effects of occupational lead exposure in enterprise battery workers. Materials and Methods: This study is carried out on a population of 125 workers of Enterprise batteries devised into four groups according to levels of exposure to lead. The toxicological assessment (Blood Lead, ALAU-U, ZPP), hematologic, lipid; renal and socio-demographic and clinical data were evaluated. The statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS software. Results: The average blood lead in our population is 422 ±196.62 µg/L The comparison between groups shows a statistically significant difference in the following symptoms: Joint pain, Depressive ideas, Mood disorder, Memory disorder, Daytime sleepiness, Asthenia, Tremors. Comparison between groups shows that there is a difference between the Hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, ZPP, ALA-U groups. The correlation study shows significantly a low positive correlation between the number of cigarettes per day and blood lead (r=0.296; p=0.01), blood lead and neutrophils (r=0.267; p=0.03), a strong positive correlation between the following pairs: ZPP /BPb, ALA-U/BPb, (ALA-U/Creatinurie)/BPb (r=0.803; r=0.503; r=0.542 respectively) (p< 0.05), a low negative correlation between BLL and years employment, BLL and eosinophils of which r=-0.314; r=-0.234 respectively (p <0.05). Conclusion: Blood lead is correlated with some clinical symptoms and hematologic parameters. Consequently, preventive measures of lead exposure and periodic biomonitoring must be present in the working environment by lead