Impact de la sécheresse et de l'épuisement des eaux du barrage d'Ain Zada sur la qualité organique de l'eau

Abstract

Pollution is a serious global phenomenon affecting soil, water, and air indiscriminately. Water pollution, in particular, poses a major planetary threat and challenge, jeopardizing livelihoods due to water's central role in our daily lives. This problem stems from multiple sources and can be primarily classified into three categories: domestic pollution, linked to our daily activities; agricultural pollution, resulting from farming practices; and industrial pollution, which often involves the discharge of solid and liquid waste into the environment without any treatment or recycling. Our country is not immune to this phenomenon, as many regions are already affected. The Bousselam region in the wilaya of Setif is a prime example. The Bousselam plain constitutes a significant part of the upper basin of the Oued Bousselam, which is the only watercourse in this sub-basin. Unfortunately, this area serves as a discharge point for various solid and liquid wastes from domestic, agricultural, and industrial activities, which flow directly into the Ain Zada Dam. This dam suffers from alarming pollution, and the problem is considerably worsened by the decreasing water level due to drought and reduced rainfall, leading to an increased concentration of pollutants. This work aims to highlight the pollution of the dam's waters by organic pollutants and to study the impact of drought and water depletion on the increase of their concentration.