L'effet de l'infection à Toxoplasma gondii chez les femmes enceintes sur certains paramètres biochimiques dans la région de Sétif.

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoic parasite that causes toxoplasmosis, a serious contagious infection of both humans and animals. Toxoplasmosis is transmitted to humans through accidental ingestion of oocysts in infected food or water, or via the placenta from the mother to the foetus. The purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate the incidence of this parasite and to identify its impact on the hemogram, renal status and TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) levels, by area and age of the pregnant women involved. A cross-sectional study covering the whole period from February 12 to March 27, 2025 among 600 pregnant women between the ages of 17 and 45 living in Ras-Eulma, Ourissia and Sétif were screened for anti-toxoplasma IgG, IgM seropositivity using ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay). Our results showed a 20 % high prevalence of positive women. The higher rate of infection was found in women aged 17 to 30 (57, 50 %), as against 42, 50 % in the 31 to 45 age range. There was a significant relationship between geographical region and the distribution of toxoplasmosis serological status, and no effect for age category. The results demonstrated a non-significant increase in the seropositive versus seronegative category respectively for hemoglobin (12,38 ± 1,35 g/dl vs 12,73 ± 1,02 g/dl), red blood cells (4,32 ± 0,42 X106/mm3 vs 4,48 ± 0.68 X106/mm3), white blood cells (7,98 ± 2,30 X103/mm3 vs 8,27± 2,05 X103/mm3) and platelets (242,29 ± 62,8 X103/mm3 vs 256,85±70,5X103/mm3). Depending on serology and age range, only the red blood cell count increased by a significant amount (p = 0,04) in both infected women and those aged from 17 to 30 and ranged from 4,32 ± 0,42 X106 /mm3 to 4,48 ± 0,68 X106 /mm3.