Effets antimicrobiens des nanoparticules d’origine végétale

Abstract

The increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics poses a serious threat to global public health. In this context, plant-based nanoparticles emerge as an innovative and effective alternative due to their ability to simultaneously target multiple microbial mechanisms. Derived from medicinal plants, these nanoparticles are synthesized using natural bioactive compounds without the need for toxic chemicals. They are known for their strong antimicrobial properties, low toxicity, and biodegradability, making them promising for medical, environmental, and agricultural applications. Their action involves disrupting the microbial cell membrane, generating oxidative stress, and damaging microbial DNA. Some nanoparticles, especially silver nanoparticles synthesized from clove extract, have demonstrated notable effectiveness against resistant pathogenic strains. Although the results are promising, broader application requires standardized production methods, comprehensive safety assessment, and validation of their efficacy in vivo.