La prise en charge de l’amblyopie fonctionnelle strabique

Abstract

There is a large and complex variety of strabismus (defect of the visual axes) and several types of amblyopia (deficit of monocular vision) in young children. Strabismus and amblyopia are often associated by different links. Strabismic amblyopia, strictly speaking, is a monocular visual deficit due to strabismus with constant monocular fixation appearing in very young children and which, untreated, and persists into adulthood. The confirmation of the diagnosis of strabismus functional amblyopia, necessary before the start of rehabilitation, is essentially based on the measurement of refraction under cycloplegia, the measurement of visual acuity and the orthoptic assessment. But its detection or that of risky situations allows for earlier treatment. Rehabilitation is all the more effective the younger the child and can only be carried out before the end of the critical period. This rehabilitation requires the cooperation of the parents to be effective. It is based on the occlusion or the penalization of the healthy eye allowing the amblyopic eye to develop its vision and must be supplemented by a maintenance treatment until the end of the critical period.