Optimisation de la sécurité des réseaux électriques de puissance par des systèmes de transmission flexible en courant alternatif FACTS

Abstract

Today, with the continual increase in electricity demand, the growth of interconnections between countries and the rise of distributed energy resources, the safety margins of electricity networks are decreasing and their operation is becoming more complex. Indeed, the electric blackouts that have occurred in the world in recent years are the consequence of this situation. The conventional systems used to improve the security of these networks remain insufficient to eliminate the various disturbances that can affect a part or the whole network. In this context, the main objective of this thesis is to find new techniques that help operators predict and eliminate critical situations that will often lead to electrical blackouts. The first technique developed here is based on the use of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS). Then a new algorithm, which is based on the combined use of the WAMS/SCADA systems and the application of the SVC devices, is proposed to prevent tripping of the interconnection lines by distance relays zone 3 operations. Simulation tests performed on Algerian and Turkish power systems demonstrated the ability of the developed techniques to mitigate the development of disturbances that lead to electrical blackouts.