Effet de la fertilisation azotée sur la culture du blé dur (triticum durum desf.) variété « Bousselam » et sur la décomposition de la matière organique en semis direct dans la region semi-aride de Sétif

Abstract

The study concerns the analysis of the effect of two types of nitrogen fertilizers (urea and sulfazot) brought to different divisions (TL, TT and ½ LT) and in various doses (D0=0, D1=46 and D2=69U) on the culture of the durum wheat variety " Bousselam " installed by direct drilling under a mulch cover (straw) in conditions semi-arid during the 2010/2011 agricultural season. The obtained results showed that the nitrogenous fertilization favors all the studied parameters, but its efficiency varies a lot with the applied doses. It contributes in the improvement of the yield and its components. The maximum grain yield is 32,31 q / ha obtained by the dose " D2 " with 69 U, either a relative increase of 16,34 % (4,54 q/ha) compared to control without "D0" and +10,88% (+3,17 q/ha) than the average of the test. So, the results show that the nitrogenous fertilization favors the decomposition of the organic matter. While finding that the type of fertilizer "urea" contributes to accelerating the speed of decomposition of organic matter (mineralization) in comparison with the sulfazot.