Etude eco-epidemiologique de la leishmaniose cutanee du sud de l’Algerie

Abstract

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a south parasitic zoonosis plaguing the endemoepidemic state in arid and Saharan regions of Algeria. This is a major public health problem. Although previous epidemiological studies have led to the identification of the main components of the transmission cycle of the disease, many unknowns remain about the functioning fireplaces different bioclimatic zones and its interaction with the environment, biodiversity and human activities. Five foci located in different bioclimatic zones of Algeria were explored geomorphological, ecological, epidemiological and socio-economic: the foci of El Mhir straddles between the Tell Atlas and the highlands, foci of El Hodna, foci of the valley of Oued Righ, El Hadjira and finally foci of the valley of Ghardaia. Leishmania strains belonging to L. major and L. killicki isolated were identified and characterized by biochemical method and / or molecular to the National Reference Centre for Leishmania at the Pasteur Institute of Algeria. The results showed that the operation of the disease is specific to each household, the dynamics of vectors and rodents have a direct impact on epidemics, the development of agriculture and human activities are an amplifier of the disease factor.