Exploration biochimique de l’anémie rénale

Abstract

CKD is a major health problem characterized by a progressive and irreversible deterioration of kidney function, affecting millions of people worldwide. Among the most common complications is anemia, defined as a direct and significant consequence of CKD. It results mainly from the decrease in EPO production necessary for erythropoiesis. In addition, factors such as iron deficiency, blood loss, and chronic inflammatory conditions are responsible for disrupting iron metabolism, which contribute to aggravating this anemia. Our objective is to evaluate the iron balance in a CKD population and to study the influence of inflammation and malnutrition on this balance. This is a study on 122 patients with CKD at the central laboratory level; in collaboration with the nephrology department and the hemodialysis unit. This population includes both sexes with a male predominance; the most affected age range was 50-65 years. Our study indicated that the majority of our patients have undetermined etiologies. We determined the iron balance parameters and erythrocyte parameters within the population. The results showed that 69% of patients are anemic, the majority of whom are on dialysis. Normocytic normochromic aregenerative anemia was the most common type of anemia. Comparison of iron balance parameters with healthy controls and within the population showed that chronic kidney disease causes iron balance disorders, particularly iron and ferritin. Furthermore, inflammation and malnutrition aggravate these disorders and often generate hyperferritinemia and decreased serum iron responsible for functional iron deficiency. Through our study, we improved our understanding of iron balance disorders and the impact of inflammation and malnutrition in a CKD population.