الاقتصاد الجزئي 01 دروس وتمارين

Abstract

This handout provides simplified lessons in Microeconomics 01, accompanied by a set of fully solved problem series with detailed solutions. It has been prepared in accordance with the course syllabus and is intended for first-year undergraduate (Licence) students as well as instructors teaching Microeconomics within the common core curriculum in Economics and Business Sciences and Management Sciences. The handout is organized around six main themes, each comprising subtopics. The first theme offers a general introduction to economics, covering the concept of economics, the definition and pillars of the economic problem, and an overview of economic systems; it also addresses types of economic analysis and, finally, the relationship between economics and other disciplines. The second theme presents fundamental concepts of demand and supply, in addition to market equilibrium and the different forms of market equilibrium. The third theme examines elasticity measurement, addressing the various types of demand elasticities—price, income, and cross elasticity—along with the price elasticity of supply. The fourth theme is devoted to applications of market equilibrium, explaining in some detail how the government intervenes to regulate markets, whether through direct intervention via a minimum price (price floor) or a maximum price (price ceiling), or through indirect intervention using fiscal instruments (taxes and subsidies). The fifth theme focuses on the classical approach to utility (cardinal utility), while the sixth theme, titled “Indifference Curves,” addresses ordinal utility.