Evaluation de l'impact des activités humaines sur la biodiversité et la santé des écosystèmes végétaux dans la ripisylve de l'oued Bousselam (Sétif)

Abstract

This thesis focuses on the assessment of plant biodiversity and the ecological status of the riparian vegetation along the Oued Bousselam, located in the Sétif region. This riparian zone plays a crucial ecological role in stabilizing riverbanks, regulating water flow, and preserving a biological corridor. To evaluate its condition, a combined methodological approach was adopted: on one hand, a floristic inventory was conducted at six representative sites within plots measuring 30 m × 30 m; on the other hand, a social survey was carried out with 100 local stakeholders to gather their perceptions of plant dynamics. The botanical surveys identified 17 species of trees, 8 species of shrubs, and 14 herbaceous plants. The Shannon and Braun-Blanquet indices were used to estimate species diversity and abundance. The results show that floristic richness varies among sites, correlating with the degree of anthropogenic pressure. The most disturbed areas (urbanization, intensive agriculture, degraded confluence) exhibit low diversity, while sites in forested or lightly exploited areas demonstrate better ecological resilience. The correlations established between human activities and floristic composition highlight the importance of targeted conservation measures. Recommendations are proposed for the sustainable management of the riparian zone, and research perspectives are discussed, particularly regarding temporal monitoring and ecological mapping.