Profil biologique des patients atteints de bronchopneumopathies chroniques obstructives

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a multifactorial respiratory illness. It is difficult to diagnose, as its symptoms may also be present in other respiratory diseases. However, it is essential to continue deep research into the biological abnormalities associated with this disease. Population and methods: A retrospective study was carried out in the pulmonology unit of the University Hospital of Setif between February and April 2023. Patients of any sex with a confirmed diagnosis of COPD who were hospitalized in the department between January 2019 and March 2023 were included. Patients with concomitant respiratory disease or known systemic disease that could affect biomarkers or with incomplete medical and/or biological records were excluded. Data were collected using Google® Forms and analyzed using SPSS®. Results and discussion: Our study included 114 patients with a mean age of 70.90±10.06 years, ranging from 47 to 99 years. There was a strong male predominance (76.5%) with a sex-ratio of 3.25. Most participants were married (86.1%), belonged to a middle socio-economic class (88.7%) and came from the wilaya of Setif (86.1%). We found respective mean levels of CRP, procalcitonin, granulocytes, monocytes, platelets, lymphocytes and D-Dimers of 53.93±76.45 mg/L, 5.54±11.95 pg/mL, 10.46±6.22x109/L, 0.82±0.82x109/L, 219.3±98.60x109/L, 16.28±09.14x109/L and 2218.45±3917.33 μg/mL. These results suggest that COPD is associated with elevated levels of inflammatory markers such as CRP and procalcitonin, as well as increased granulocytes, monocytes and D-Dimers levels in the blood. Abnormalities such as thrombocytopenia and Lymphocytosis were also observed. These findings could have important implications for the management and treatment of COPD. Conclusion: In order to prevent COPD exacerbations and ensure accurate diagnosis of this pathology, it may be advisable to monitor certain biological parameters.