Enquêtes épidémiologiques sur les zoonoses bactériennes transmises par les animaux de compagnie et évaluation de l’effet antibactérien in vitro des extraits de deux plantes locales : Rosmarinus officinalis et Origanum vulgare sur Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica sérovar Typhimurium.

Abstract

Bacterial zoonoses transmitted by "traditional" and "non-traditional" companion animals are infectious diseases naturally transmitted from animals to humans. This study focuses on their classification, transmission modes, clinical manifestations, as well as diagnostic methods and preventive measures. Two surveys were conducted: one among veterinarians in the Sétif province (Algeria) to assess their perception of public awareness regarding these diseases, and another among students at the Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Ferhat Abbas Sétif 1 University, to evaluate their theoretical knowledge on the subject. Subsequently, an in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial effect of hydro-ethanolic and oily extracts of oregano (Origanum vulgare) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) was performed on a zoonotic strain of Salmonella. The results revealed a superior efficacy of the oregano extract compared to the rosemary extract at the same concentrations, suggesting its potential as a natural alternative to conventional antibiotics.