Étude de la leucémie myéloïde chronique Approche bibliographique, physiopathologique et détection du gène de fusion BCR-ABL par PCR en temps réel

Abstract

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant hematologic disorder characterized by the clonal proliferation of the granulocytic lineage. It is marked by a nearly constant cytogenetic abnormality : the Philadelphia chromosome, resulting from the reciprocal translocation t(9;22) (q34;q11). CML accounts for approximately 15–20% of adult leukemias, with an incidence ranging from 1 to 1.5 cases per 100,000 individuals per year. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of BCR-ABL fusion gene transcripts in CML patients using real-time PCR (qPCR). This is a retrospective study conducted from January 1st to May 1st, 2025, at the Molecular Biology Laboratory of the EHS CLLC in Sétif. It includes 34 patients suspected of having CML, of various ages and both sexes. Blood samples were analyzed to detect BCR-ABL transcript expression levels and to identify possible mutations.