Valorisation des feuilles d'olivier (Olea europaea L.) : Activités antioxydantes et anticoagulantes

Abstract

This study evaluated the biological potential of olive leaves (Olea europaea L.) from the local variety "Akhnefes" from Bouandess in Setif , through phenolic compound extraction using three solvents (water, ethanol, methanol) assisted by ultrasonication, with the ethanolic extract showing the highest yield (25.16%), while the methanolic extract exhibited the highest polyphenol and flavonoid contents. In antioxidant tests, the methanolic extract was the most active against DPPH radical with the lowest IC50 (42 µg/ml), and the QUENCHER method revealed significant residual activity in solid residues (64.1%), indicating the presence of cell wall-bound antioxidants, whereas the aqueous extract excelled in the iron chelation test (80.17%). Regarding anticoagulant activity, all extracts prolonged coagulation time, with superiority of the aqueous extract on plasma (52.30 s) and the methanolic extract on whole blood (8.67 min) compared to the control (4.67 min). The study concludes that olive leaves, particularly the "Akhnefes" variety, represent a promising source of natural compounds with dual activity, encouraging their use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.

Key words: Olea europaea L, poluphenols , flavonoids , antioxidants, anticoagulants.