محاضرات في مقياس المؤشرات الصحية وسياسات الوقاية والعلاج

Abstract

Health is a multidimensional concept including physical, mental and social well-being. It is influenced by demographic, social, economic, environmental and behavioral determinants, as well as access to and quality of healthcare services. A health indicator is a measurable variable used to describe population health or assess health-system performance. A good indicator should be valid, reliable, accurate, comparable and timely. Key indicators include life expectancy, infant and maternal mortality, morbidity, vaccination coverage, health workforce, hospital beds, health expenditure and quality-of-care indicators. Health data come from hospitals, medical records, health information systems, civil registration, surveys, censuses and international databases. Data quality is assessed through completeness, accuracy, consistency, coverage, validity and timeliness. In hospitals, important indicators include bed occupancy, average length of stay, mortality, readmissions, healthcare-associated infections and patient satisfaction. Overall, OECD countries generally have more developed health-information systems, while MENA countries show greater disparities. Maghreb countries have made significant progress, but challenges remain in resources, healthcare coverage and data quality.