Sérologie de l’Epstein-Barr virus

Abstract

This research paper examines undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (UCNT) in Eastern Algeria. The first section, analyzing cancer registry data from 1986 to 2018, reveals an annual incidence of 4.5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, a notable male predominance (2.3:1 male/female ratio), and a high concentration in Sétif. The study also observed an increase in undifferentiated carcinomas over time, at the expense of squamous cell carcinomas, suggesting shifts in either causative factors or diagnostic practices. The second section evaluates EBV serological markers. The combination of IgA anti-VCA (82% sensitivity) and IgG anti-EA (89% specificity) demonstrated a 76% positive predictive value for UCNT diagnosis. This is particularly valuable given the limited access to advanced imaging techniques in Algeria. The research also noted gender-based immunological differences. Overall, this work confirms the crucial role of EBV in nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis and highlights the feasibility of targeted screening using serological markers. It advocates for integrating these diagnostic tools into regional public health programs.