Le potentiel antifongique des bactéries lactiques contre les champignons phytopathogénes.

Abstract

Fungi occupy an important place among plant pathogenic microbes and represent a persistent threat to agriculture, horticulture, and forestry. Fungal diseases are major challenges to global agricultural production, causing significant economic losses and compromising the quality and safety of agricultural products. Among the most feared phytopathogenic fungi are the genera Alternaria, Botrytis cinerea, Verticillium dahliae, and Colletotrichum, known for their ability to produce mycotoxins that are hazardous to human and animal health. The control of phytopathogenic fungi using pesticides poses health risks to humans and the environment, in addition to the danger of the emergence of new resistant pathotypes,the search for natural and effective alternatives has become a top priority. Some microorganisms can serve as excellent biological control agents against fungal diseases. Lactic acid bacteria are considered natural antagonists of these harmful microorganisms, due to their ability to produce a large number of compounds with antifungal properties, such as organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, carbon dioxide, bacteriocins, and reuterin, making them effective biocontrol agents.