Évaluation microbiologique des eaux : technique d’analyses et résultats annuelles

Abstract

Water used in the food sector and for hygiene purposes must meet strict requirements in terms of physico-chemical and microbiological quality. Potable water is one of the most regulated food products and must be free from microorganisms, parasites, and substances harmful to human health, in compliance with drinking water standards. The objective of this study is to assess the microbiological quality of water in the municipality of Mila, based on analyses conducted at the EPSP-Mila hygiene laboratory. The targeted microorganisms include total coliforms, fecal coliforms (Escherichia coli), and fecal streptococci. A total of 162 samples collected from various sources (tap water, spring water, etc.) were analyzed during the study. The results of the analyses revealed that 59 samples had good bacteriological quality, characterized by the total absence of pathogenic germs. In contrast, 84 samples showed poor bacteriological quality, while 19 samples presented questionable quality. These results indicate that the water from these latter samples is unsuitable for human consumption and requires prior treatment. This study highlights the need for regular monitoring of the microbiological quality of water in the municipality of Mila. A significant proportion of the samples analyzed exhibited poor bacteriological quality, underlining the importance of preventive interventions and treatments to ensure potable water and protect public health.