Composition chimique et Activités biologiques d’huile essentielle du Marrubium vulgare L.

Abstract

This study falls within the framework of valorizing plant resources in Algeria and aims to investigate the chemical composition and evaluate the biological properties of Marrubium vulgare L. collected from the Sétif region (Algeria). The essential oil was extracted from the aerial parts of the plant using hydrodistillation, and the yield was very low. The chemical analysis of the oil was carried out using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), allowing the identification of 41 compounds, with palmitic acid being the major component. The antibacterial activity of the oil was evaluated using the disk diffusion method by measuring the inhibition zone diameters. The results showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus 6538, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, with Staphylococcus aureus 6538 being the most sensitive, while Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 showed the highest resistance. The antioxidant activity of the oil was assessed using the DPPH assay, showing moderate antioxidant effectiveness.