Activités antioxydante et anti-inflammatoire des extraits d’Artemisia campestris

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition of Artemisia campestris aerial part extracts on the one hand and to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-cholineesterase, anti-inflammatory and the antimicrobial activities on the other hand. The extracts were obtained by decoction (aqueous extract) and maceration (methanolic extract). A phytochemical screening followed by the determination of polyphenols, flavonoids, flavones, flavonols and tannins was carried out. Separation and identification of phenolic compounds were achieved using HPLC TOF/MS. The antioxidant activity was assessed according to DPPH, β- carotene/linoleic acid, iron chelating ability and reducing power methods. The anticholinesterase activity was evaluated by using Ellman's method while the antiinflammatory activity according to the nitrite test using RAW 264.7 macrophage cell. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by measuring the inhibition zone. Total phenol content varied from 74.75 ± 0.01 to 88.61 ± 0.22 mg EAG / g extract; total flavonoids ranged from 12.91 ± 0.01 to 33.14 ± 0.01mg QE/g extract; flavones and flavonols ranged from 18.37 ± 0.01 to 217.75 ± 0.01mg QE/g extract; and tannins ranged between 35.29 and 70.59 mg EC / g extract. The methanolic extract showed moderate antioxidant activity; against the free radical DPPH (IC 50 = 131.19 ± 18.81 μg / mL), β-carotene / linoleic acid (AA% = 88.03 ± 0.58), iron chelating ability (IC50 = 266.74 ± 16.51 μg/mL). However, no extract showed anticholinesterase activity, in contrast all extracts showed a strong anti-inflammatory activity. A weak antimicrobial activity was observed with all extracts