Action insulino-sensibilisateur de la metformine : pont physiopathologique entre le SOPK et le diabète de type 2

Abstract

As part of our study, we focused on the role of metformin in the treatment of both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and type 2 diabetes, due to the similarity in their pathophysiological mechanisms, particularly with regard to insulin resistance. PCOS is a common disorder among women of reproductive age, characterized by hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularities, and the presence of multiple ovarian cysts, often associated with increased insulin resistance. This condition leads to hyperinsulinemia, which stimulates androgen production and disrupts hormonal balance. Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of metformin in improving tissue sensitivity to insulin, thereby reducing insulin levels, decreasing androgen production, and consequently improving ovarian function and menstrual regularity. Moreover, metformin is considered the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, as it reduces hepatic glucose production and increases glucose uptake by peripheral tissues. Thus, metformin stands out as a common and effective therapeutic option for both conditions, particularly in the presence of shared metabolic symptoms such as obesity and metabolic disorders