Évaluation de la toxicité aiguë de l'extrait hydroalcoolique d'Atriplex halimus chez le rat Wistar

Abstract

This work is part of the acute toxicity evaluation of the hydroalcoholic extract of Atriplex halimus in the Wistar rat. It is known as a medicinal plant belonging to the Sarmaceae family. This plant is widespread in deserts and barren areas, especially in the Mediterranean region, and is found especially in southern Algeria. First, we conducted a botanical study to discover the properties of the plant and its bioactive compounds (flavonoids, polyphenols and saponin). Next, we evaluated the effects of a hydroalcoholic extract from leaves of Atriplex halimus in Albino Wistar rats. After maceration and preparation of the extract, the animals were divided into three groups: a control group and two groups treated by gavage at two different doses (250 and 300 mg/kg). Behavioral observations were carried out, then sacrifices at different times made it possible to collect blood for biological analyses (ALAT, ASAT, LDH, and FNS). The results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Atriplex halimus did not induce significant acute toxicity in Wistar rats. No major changes were observed in body weight, organ weight, haematological parameters. Only moderate and reversible biochemical variations (ASAT, ALAT, LDH) were noted. The extract appears to be well tolerated, with adaptive and temporary effects, subject to further studies.