Évaluation de l’effet anti-inflammatoire de l’ Atractylis delicatula

Abstract

Medicinal plants have long been used in the treatment of various diseases, particularly inflammatory conditions. Among them is Atractylis delicatula (Family Asteraceae), a species traditionally used in Algeria to relieve pain and inflammation, yet still scientifically underexplored. This study aims to evaluate its anti-inflammatory activity through two extracts obtained from the aerial parts an aqueous extract (AE) and an ethanolic extract (EE). The evaluation was based on in vitro assays, including inhibition of protein denaturation (Bovine serum albumin and ovalbumin), as well as in vivo tests using murine models of acute inflammation, namely xylene- and croton oil-induced ear edema, and carrageenan-induced paw edema. The in vitro results revealed strong activity of the EE at high dose, reaching 93.977 ± 0.861% inhibition with BSA and 76.092 ± 1.119% with ovalbumin, values close to those of aspirin (93.947 ± 0.848% and 81.105 ± 1.592%, respectively). The AE also showed notable inhibition (84.169 ± 0.268% and 52.678 ± 1.327%). In in vivo tests, both extracts markedly reduced xylene-induced ear edema (83.24 ± 5.226% for both AE and EE at 100 mg/kg), results comparable to those of indométacin (69.74 ± 5.606%). In the croton oil model, AE (84.95 ± 3.951%) proved more effective than EE (83.87 ± 3.4%) and the reference drug (78.49 ± 4.604%). Similarly, in the carrageenan model, AE showed remarkable efficacy at 100 mg/kg (93.2 ± 2.8%), outperforming EE (66.8 ± 0.48%) and indométacin (90.04 ± 3.25%). These findings confirm that Atractylis delicatula possesses significant anti-inflammatory potential, with a predominance of EE in in vitro assays, and marked superiority of AE in in vivo models, highlighting a promising complementarity for the development of new natural anti-inflammatory agents