Enquête ethnobotanique et étude biologique de TEUCRIUM POLIUM L.

Abstract

Our study on a wild labiatae from the BBA mountains, Teucrium polium., was undertaken to determine its phytochemical composition and its antibacterial and antioxidant biological activities following an ethnobotanical study in the provinces of Bordj Bou Arréridj and Sétif, which revealed that this plant is commonly used in therapy, especially for digestive disorders, with a preference for its foliage in decoction. For phytochemistry, the extraction of essential oils and aqueous and methanolic extracts, as well as their quantification by colorimetric determination of total polyphenols and total flavonoids using FolinCiocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride, respectively, were conducted. The results obtained show the richness of this species in secondary metabolites. Finally, the study of the biological activity of the prepared extracts of Teucrium polium. The evaluation of antioxidant activity by the DPPH free radical scavenging method showed that all the extracts of the studied plant exhibit antioxidant properties at different levels. The IC50 was estimated at 59.87µg/ml for the methanolic extract and 197.87µg/ml for the aqueous extract. The essential oil showed low activity compared to other Teucrium species with a value of 261.42µg/ml. The antibacterial effect was evaluated in vitro by the diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar. The results show that the essential oil of this plant exhibited excellent activity against Staphylococcus aureus, compared to that of the phenolic extracts.